There is a classic problem in the carbon market—double spending. After a wind power plant generates 1000 kWh of electricity, it not only sells the electricity to the grid for profit but also packages and sells the "green attribute" certificates of those 1000 kWh to Apple. Even more outrageous, because databases across regions are not interconnected, the same certificate is sold to Google. A single green power certificate is counted multiple times, severely distorting the authenticity of carbon offsetting.

To fundamentally eliminate this issue, reforms must start at the source. One approach is to deploy nodes directly on the SCADA system of wind turbines. For each 1 MWh generated, a Dynamic NFT is automatically created, recording complete metadata such as Source(Wind Turbine ID), Time(Timestamp), Amount(Electricity), Grid_Hash(On-chain Hash), etc. This NFT is unique and cannot be duplicated.

The real protection lies at the user end. To offset carbon emissions, Apple must actively destroy the (Burn) NFT on-chain. The destruction record is permanently publicly accessible. If Google attempts to purchase the same NFT, the blockchain immediately shows Status: Burned—destroyed, and the transaction cannot continue. The dual locking at the physical and cryptographic levels makes secondary sales completely invalid.

Once this logic matures, carbon credits can be standardized as ERC-20 or ERC-721 assets, truly enabling transparent global carbon liquidity trading.